Finally, Stratton’s own 
theory adds to confusion about 
the outcome. He believed that 
harmony between touch and 
sight is the ultimate meaning 
of uprightness. After a lifetime 
of experience, he began the 
experiment with certain touch 
sensations closely associated 
with certain visual sensations. 
Therefore, when he put on the 
inverting lenses, he found that 
if he touched an object before 
seeing it, he did not receive the 
visual sensation that he 
expected to have when he 
looked in that direction. The 
converse was true for objects 
seen before they were touched. 
Over the course of the 
experiment, new associations 
between touch and sight 
gradually supplanted the old 
ones. This reestablishment of 
intersensory harmony, 
Stratton argued, accounted for 
his increasingly frequent 
experiences of the world as 
upright. Thus, to Berkeley’s 
question (With respect to what 
does the scene appear to be 
inverted?) Stratton answered, 
With respect to other sense 
modalities, such as touch. 
However, it is not immediately 
evident why such harmony 
between the senses should, in 
itself, restore either egocentric 
or environmental uprightness 
of vision.